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  • HOME
    • About
  • RESOURCE @ YOUR FINGERTIPS
    • NEURO-INFOMATION >
      • MEDICAL MODELS OF DISABILITY >
        • MEDICAL MODEL VS SOCIAL MODEL
        • ASD >
          • ASD I
          • ASD II
          • Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
        • RETT SYNDROME
        • ADHD >
          • ADHD I
          • ADHD II
        • ANGELMAN SYNDROME
      • UNDERSTANDING NEUROLOGY >
        • Neurology & Learning >
          • Co-Ocurring Challenges in learning
          • Visual Processing
          • Auditory Processing
        • SPECIFIC LEARNING DIFFICULTIES >
          • WHAT IS LD?
          • LD - READING >
            • HOW DOES IT AFFECT READING
            • DYSLEXIA - under revamp
            • Language Programs
          • LD - MATH >
            • HOW DOES IT AFFECT MATH
            • IDEAS FOR Nursery to Primary
          • STRATEGIES THAT SUPPORT LEARNING
        • MOTOR SKILLS & DEVELOPMENT >
          • All About Motor Development
        • SENSORY >
          • ALL ABOUT SPD - The 8 SENSES
          • ALL ABOUT SPD II
        • SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTAL SKILLS >
          • RDI - SOCIAL, COMMUNICATION & INTERACTION
          • Communication
        • Co-Occuring Challenges >
          • EYE CONTACT
          • Toileting
        • OTHER UNIQUE ABILITIES / CHALLENGES
        • COPING STRATEGIES >
          • Anxiety Management
      • FOR PARENTS >
        • Preparing for Diagnosis Or Assessments - under revamp
        • PARENTING RESOURCES
      • HEAR FROM US - @SBSK
    • LEARNING RESOURCES >
      • LEARNING RESOURCES-PAGE >
        • LR - EARLY LEARNING YEARS
        • LR - SCIENCE >
          • LR- SCIENCE SEC 1
          • LR- SCIENCE SEC 2
          • LR - SCIENCE SEC 3
        • LR - HISTORY >
          • LR - HISTORY SEC 1
          • LR HISTORY SEC 2
          • LR HISTORY SEC 3
        • LR - GEOGRAPHY >
          • GEO SEC 1
          • GEO SEC 2
          • GEO SEC 3
        • LR - MATH
        • LR - GENERAL KNOWLEDGE >
          • GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
          • WORLD
        • Music Appreciation
      • Sexuality Resource
      • WOMEN & HORMONES
    • INCLUSIVE LIVING >
      • INCLUSION IN EDUCATION
      • Inclusive Technology
    • SUPPORT SERVICES & CENTRES >
      • THERAPY & ASSESSMENT SERVICES
      • EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS / CAREGIVERS / PROFESSIONALS
      • EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT - YOUNG
      • HIGHER EDUCATIONAL / LIFESTYLE / COMMUNITY SUPPORT
      • EMPLOYMENT SUPPORT & PROGRAMMES
      • ADAPTIVE LIVING RESOURCES
    • FINANCIAL SUPPORT & PROTECTION
    • OTHER ORGANIZATIONS SUPPORT & SERVICES
    • OVERSEAS SUPPORT & ORGANIZATIONS
    • AUTISTIC VOICES
  • SUPPORT US!
    • SUPPORT GROUPS IN SINGAPORE
    • SOCIAL ENTERPRISES
    • SURVEYS/ RESEARCH/ SCOUTING SUPPORT
    • FUNDRAISE!
    • Experience Sharing Blog
  • INCLUSIVE SERVICES & ACTIVITIES
    • INCLUSIVE ACTIVITIES/ SPORTS/ PLACES
    • REGULAR EVENTS & ACTIVITIES
    • UPCOMING EVENTS
    • MAPS FOR ALL PLACES
    • Resources from Latest Talks/ Forums
  • Contact

SPECIFIC LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
​READING/ LANGUAGE

CHALLENGES PARENTS & EDUCATORS MAY FACE
You might encounter some of these difficulties like teaching your child to recognize the ABCs,
difficulty blending sounds, trouble reading, child does not seem to be listening,
or seems frustrated to even want to try. 
Some can even read or spell beyond their age, but yet find it hard to understand a passage.

It may be quite challenging to observe the fine distinction of an error versus a careless mistake.
Children can experience difficulty to explain how they feel about the situation.
These can lead to poor self-confidence and low self-esteem.

These can in turn create emotional problems and affect learning.

Below are some guidance to hidden challenges, so that educators and caretakers can be aware about,
and learn to spot them easier. Tips will focus on positive strategies that can give intrinsic motivation
for challenging learners to be resilient. 

Slow down. Wait and give time to process.

Picture
​Allow them to have ample time to process, to understand the concept of the words and how they join together to form new meanings.

PICTURE THEM

Picture
Illustrations
help to bring understanding to abstract words.
It also supports visual imagery to strengthen ideas.

Learning language can be Stressful!

Picture
Learn with a favourite toy or character whom the child can relate and feel joy learning together.

HOW DOES THE BRAIN READ?

Reading is a complex process. It requires different areas of the brain to be activated in a coordinated and synchronised way.



Reading requires a few more steps...

Picture
What are the skills needed before learning to READ.
There are many skills we overlook as our brain automatically processes these skills altogether at the same time. It is time to look in detail to know what they are.
  • Provide adequate learning steps to gain these skills before reading!
​

​Some individuals process every step, individually.
​
So with understanding, we know they just need more time to process and strategies to cope with these challenges.

  • MATCHING - association of letter to sound, etc.
  • DIRECTIONALITY​ - left to right, top down, sequencing.
  • SEQUENCING - page to page continuous story flow
  • FLIPPING OF PAGES - left to right
  • START AND END concept
  • RELATABILITY - to new things introduced
  • VISUAL-SPATIAL - some individuals have challenges affecting reading. Skipping words & lines, informational overload, etc.
​
Picture
CLICK TO ENLARGE
6 Essential Reading Skills
Kids must master a number of key skills to fully understand what they’re reading.

1. Decoding
2. Fluency
3. Vocabulary
4. 
Sentence Construction and Cohesion
5. Reasoning and Background Knowledge
6. 
Working Memory and Attention


READ IN DEPTH @ UNDERSTOOD
What is Phonological Awareness
Phonological awareness is the ability to recognize and work with sounds in spoken language.
​
  • Some have difficulty noticing sound repetition or alliteration
  • Some have difficulty blending sounds
READ IN-DEPTH @ UNDERSTOOD
What is Decoding
Decoding involves sounding out words and blending the sounds together.

  • Some tries to guess what a word is based on the first sound or two.
  • Some have trouble understanding or remembering what she reads because it takes so much time and effort to figure out each word.
READ IN-DEPTH @ UNDERSTOOD

Important to Note

  • When a young child begins to feel fear when seeing books, we must try to see it through their eyes.​ Try to not pre-judge and assume, focus on making them feel appreciated for every step.
​
  • If a child struggles to read smoothly, it can mean they may have hidden challenges mentioned above. Please go to Visual Processing page to understand visual challenges that can affect reading as well.
​
  • The other important thing to note is, we tend to exert a power that can secretly affect the learner. All parents and educators tend to exert a demanding hidden expectation on the child, instead of enjoying reading. This can reflect in the tone of our voice, our facial expression, that can cause the child to refuse to try. If they face criticism they will give up even further, and self-esteem will get hit.​

  • Always join in the read, make it an enjoyable activity, remove the mechanical demands and just allow the child to develop curiosity for new stories, and excitement for them as well. Empowering them allows them to develop intrinsic motivation and a love for reading.​


​STRATEGIES & TIPS

7 Ways to Improve Vocabulary Using Visual Support
​

Multisensory instruction is a way of teaching that engages more than one sense at a time. For kids with reading issues like dyslexia, the use of sight, hearing, movement and touch can be helpful for learning. 

8 Useful Multisensory Techniques for Reading
​

TARGET THE PROBLEM! - TOOL FOR PARENTS & EDUCATORS TO IDENTIFY ISSUES

Please DO NOT print out for DISTRIBUTION/ SALE or infringe copyrights. These are only used to share knowledge purposes. ​

This resource site includes inclusive services for all types of professionals. The reviews are from parents who shared their positive experiences with them. Do note that every individual is unique, and not every service provider is one size fits all. Negative feedback will not be displayed but do contact us if you feel that there are concerns, and we will decide to review for removal on a case-by-case basis. If you have come across any inclusive services that could benefit another family do contact us to place their services for other parents to find. Thank you people :D

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